Save the Children is calling on rich countries to live up to their rhetoric on Africa and back Liberia to rebuild its shattered health and education systems by wiping out $3.7 billion debt - equivalent to $1000 per Liberian - to secure the country's post-war future.

Susan Grant, Save the Children Country Director in Liberia, said: "Liberian children are on a humanitarian knife-edge now the country has emerged from conflict. This is a litmus test of whether rich country promises made in 2005 amount to anything more than hot air. After all the talk this is the time for action. Children can't wait."

Liberia has one of the highest child mortality rates in the world, the majority from easy-to-treat or preventable diseases such as diarrhoea and malaria. One in five Liberian children dies before their fifth birthday.

Grant continued: "Liberia has suspended fees for medical treatment, but with no funding Liberia will be forced to re-introduce charges. This will leave millions unable to afford the most basic treatments such as a course of medication for diarrhoea or malaria - the country's biggest killers."

Without action at the donor conference, Liberia won't be allowed to have its debt cancelled until it clears all its overdue payments to the IMF, World Bank and the African Development Bank and agrees to various conditions set by these institutions. Concerns are mounting that desperately-needed reconstruction aid will have to be used to pay off these debts. Even if no interest was charged and the country's entire budget went on debt repayments it would still take more than 28 years to pay off.

Liberia has been beset by financial struggles since the end of the war:

* The Global Fund has refused to fund Liberia's malaria and TB programmes for the year despite the simple-to-treat diseases being two of the country's biggest killers.
* Donors have yet to honour fully their commitments from the 2004 donor conference.
*Liberia's debts are almost 8 times the country's gross national income (GNI)

Jasmine Whitbread, Chief Executive of Save the Children UK, said: "Rich countries must scrap Liberia's debts unconditionally and deliver the aid they have promised so the country can start to rebuild its shattered health and education systems. Children - almost half Liberia's population - played no part in building up this debt, but they experience the consequences in their most brutal form."